By Jason Hafso, Accredited Buyer's Representative, MaxWell Challenge Realty

Hey there, future homeowners! Buying a home in Edmonton or surrounding areas? One of the first things you'll need to understand is mortgages. Let's break down the options available so you can make an informed decision.

Fixed-Rate vs. Variable-Rate Mortgages

Fixed-Rate

With a fixed-rate mortgage, your interest rate stays the same for the entire loan term. This option provides stability and is often favored by first-time homebuyers.

Variable-Rate

In a variable-rate mortgage, the interest rate may change based on market conditions. If you're comfortable with some risk, this could save you money in the long run.

Open vs. Closed Mortgages

Open Mortgage

An open mortgage offers flexibility, allowing you to pay off your loan at any time without penalties.

Closed Mortgage

A closed mortgage has restrictions on how much you can pay off yearly. However, they usually come with lower interest rates.

Down Payment

The down payment is your initial investment and typically ranges from 5% to 20%. In Edmonton, many first-time buyers opt for the minimum down payment to get into the market sooner.

Pre-Approval

Getting pre-approved gives you a ballpark figure of the mortgage you can afford. It's a valuable tool when house hunting in competitive markets like Edmonton.

First-Time Home Buyer Grants and Incentives

CMHC’s First-Time Home Buyer Incentive

The First-Time Home Buyer Incentive helps new buyers by giving them extra money for their down payment. It aims to make buying a home easier and also encourages builders to make more homes. You can get 5% of the home's value for an older home or 5-10% for a new one. This is an interest-free loan, but you need to pay it back when you sell the house or within 25 years. The payback amount will depend on how much your home is worth at that time.

First-Time Home Buyers’ Tax Credit (HBTC)

The First-Time Home Buyers' Tax Credit lets new buyers in Canada get some money back on their taxes. They can claim up to $10,000, which translates to a $1,500 tax credit. Even though it's not a huge amount, it's pretty easy to apply for and get.

Home Buyers' Plan (HBP)

Another valuable program is the Home Buyers' Plan (HBP), allowing you to withdraw up to $35,000 from your RRSPs tax-free to buy or build a qualifying home. If you’re buying with a partner who's also a first-time buyer, they can withdraw the same amount, potentially doubling your down payment.

The Tax-Free First Home Savings Account (FHSA)

The FHSA is a special savings account for your first home. You can put in up to $8,000 each year and get tax benefits on that money. The most you can save in this account over time is $40,000. If you don't use up the full $8,000 in a year, you can add it to next year's limit.

Mortgage Loan Insurance

If your down payment is less than 20%, you'll be required to get mortgage loan insurance. While this adds to your cost, it's also what enables you to buy a home with a smaller down payment.

In the dynamic Edmonton real estate market, understanding your mortgage options is crucial. Whether you're eyeing a downtown condo or a family home in a surrounding community, make sure you're financially prepared.

Looking for more advice on buying a home in Edmonton and surrounding areas? Contact Jason Hafso, your local Accredited Buyer's Representative at MaxWell Challenge Realty.

(NC) An estimated three million Canadians have one, and they have emerged as the single largest contributor to the growth of household debt in Canada.

Yet many consumers do not appear to fully understand how they work.

No, we’re not talking about credit cards or car loans. We’re talking about home equity lines of credit or HELOCs.

According to a 2019 survey by the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada, many people appear to lack awareness of the terms and conditions of this widely sold financial product, exposing them to the risk of over-borrowing, carrying debt for extended periods and uninformed decision-making.

HELOCs are a secured form of revolving credit. The lender uses your home as a guarantee that you'll pay back the money you borrow. And, as you pay your HELOC down, you can borrow it again, up to a maximum credit limit.

Most major financial institutions offer them with a mortgage as a combined product, which is sometimes called a readvanceable mortgage. Many use them for renovations, debt consolidation, vehicle purchases and day-to-day expenses.

When used responsibly, HELOCs can benefit consumers through low interest rates, convenient access to funds and flexible repayment terms.

Unfortunately, the convenient features of HELOCs can encourage consumers to add too much to their debt load.

In fact, 27 per cent of those who responded to FCAC’s survey said they make mainly interest-only payments on their HELOCs. Considering that, on average, Canadians owe about $65,000 on their HELOCs, this means many homeowners end up carrying debt for long periods.

So, if you have a home equity line of credit or are considering getting one, you need to ask yourself:

• Would a HELOC tempt you to use your home like an ATM?
• Could you still afford HELOC payments if you lose your job or interest rates go up?
• Are you prepared to stick to a plan to pay it off fully, and avoid continually borrowing against your home equity?

Those are just some of the questions to consider before borrowing money that will be secured by your home equity.

Identity theft has been on the rise so I thought I would share some information to protect yourself from identity theft.

How to Spot Identity Theft

1. Review your credit report regularly to spot suspicious account openings.
2. Check banking transactions regularly. Report anything strange immediately.
3. Recognize, and look into it, if youre not getting important pieces of mail (i.e. bills, bank statements).
4. You are receiving calls from debt collectors about debts that aren't yours.
5. You get a notice that your information was compromised at a place you do business with or have an account. 

How to Protect Yourself

1. HTTPS. Purchasing or putting your information into a website that does not have the prefix HTTPS means it is not secure. Watch out for sites that only have HTTP.
2. Secure your mail. Do not leave any trace of information on credit card statements, utility bills, and the like. This is a strategy lots of thieves use to gather information from you. Shred anything that has your name and address on it.
3. Read your credit card statements thoroughly and often.
4. DO NOT EVER give personal information such as your SIN, DOB, and banking information away without 100% knowing who you are talking to - even if they are threatening you with legal action or imprisonment. 

Here is a true story:

I recently had some clients who had their house up for sale and received an offer. They were so excited and went off to put an offer on the home of their dreams. When it came time to get their mortgage financing in place, the mortgage insurers declined the client. We couldn't understand why as they had solid employment, great credit, no debt and their own funds for the down payment from the sale of their home.

After digging a little more, we pulled their Trans Union credit bureau, which is what the insurers pulled and saw that a credit card with a limit and balance for $22,000 was outstanding for 4 months and was heading to collections. When this was discussed with the clients, they noted it was not theirs. So, I directed them to reach out to Equifax and Trans Union and do a fraud inquiry. Here is what was found out:

The credit card had been open for 14 years ago, each time, drawn down and paid in full. When this typically happens, the lender keeps increasing the limit until it reached $22,000. At this time, they had taken a cash advance for 22k and walked. The mailing address of the cardholder was Montreal Quebec. The client had never lived there. They thought this would be cleared up quickly but to their surprise, it could take up to 6 weeks so no lenders would proceed with their purchase. They had to walk away from the offer on their dream home as they couldn't get new financing till the fraud was cleared up and they also had to walk away from the sale of their home as they would be homeless.

This is just a prime example of starting your preapproval process early so that any surprises can be detected early on.

(NC) The term “house poor” is likely one we’re familiar with as Canadians. Given the ever-changing housing market, it’s something you may even have identified with. But what does it really mean? And how can we avoid it?

“House poor” is a situation that describes a person who “over-extends” themselves and spends an unusually large proportion of his or her total income (roughly 30-40% or more) on home ownership, including mortgage payments, property taxes, maintenance and utilities. If you’re feeling like a disproportionate amount of your income goes towards your home-related expenses, then you might be in this group.

According to the 2019 RBC home ownership poll, half of Canadians claim they would avoid a situation where they become house poor as they say it’s mentally stressful and financially irresponsible.

However, one in four Canadians does identify this way and approximately one in ten is prepared to put themselves in this position. Here are some budgeting tips to avoid it:

Adjust your expectations. Buying a home can often be about compromise. This may mean expanding your neighbourhood scope or looking at condos or townhomes instead of detached homes. The poll found that proximity to public transit and work are compromises that most Canadians are willing to make.

Take your time. Buying a home is one of the largest financial decisions you will make. Take some extra time to make sure you have saved what you need to live comfortably and understand fundamentally what you need to buy your first or next home. Creating a budget and payment plan schedule is a great way of staying on track.

Broaden your horizons. Rate is just one aspect of shopping for a mortgage, and solely focusing on it can have negative impacts in the long run. It’s important to make sure you have the right mortgage to suit a variety of needs and the flexibility to adapt to potential changes in your life. Consider the type of mortgage, term and amortization rate, as well as factors including if this is your first house, an investment property or you are buying and selling at the same time.

See just how much you can afford at rbc.com/60seconds.